State Security as Exemplified by the Offense of Espionage Under Polish Law

The scope of the research problem encompasses selected issues concerning content and sense elements characterizing offense espionage in Polish criminal law. In legislation currently force, is criminalized under Art. 130 § 1–4 Criminal Code. main purpose analysis to perform a substantive examination law, considering practical case study an assessment legal provisions regarding state security. order elaborate material present conclusions, paper asks following questions: (1) To what extent are de lege lata solutions Poland effective counteracting offenses?, (2) What ferenda ought be proposed improve counteraction offenses? includes institutional aided by textual, functional, historical interpretations, supplemented with author’s conclusions opinions solutions. activity. helps consider problems presents example classifications described acts associated